Venus and Mars - Botticelli, Sandro.  Image Courtesy of the National Gallery of London

The planet mars is named after the Roman god of war, Mars was originally the god of fertility and agriculture but later became associated with war.
In the future scientists hope to use terraforming to alter the conditions on planet Mars thereby allowing humans to live there. Some see Mars the god of fertitlity as a good omen concerning the future of life on Mars.

In Roman mythology Mars is the son of Jupiter and Juno and the father of Romulus and Remus. Romulus and Remus were the founders of Rome and this is why Mars is sometimes considered the father of Rome

More indepth information about the Roman god Mars can be found at the addresses below.

wikipedia - Mars the god

Pantheon.org mars-god

NASA Archives - Mars

National Gallery of London - Venus and Mars, BOTTICELLI, Sandro